Life Insurance Basics

Life Insurance Glossary

Clear definitions for common life insurance terms, written in plain language to help you read policies and compare options.

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Core Terms to Know

Use these foundational terms as you explore coverage options. Policy language can vary by insurer, so always review the policy contract before making a decision.

Beneficiary: The person or organization named to receive the death benefit.

Death benefit: The amount paid when the insured person dies, subject to policy terms.

Premium: The amount paid to keep a policy in force.

Underwriting: The insurer’s review of health, lifestyle, and other factors to assess eligibility and pricing.

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More Terms, Made Simple

These definitions cover common policy features and planning concepts. They are for general education, not individual insurance, tax, legal, or financial advice.

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Policy Basics

Coverage and Ownership

Understand who is covered, who controls the policy, and how benefits are paid.

Insured: The person whose life is covered by the policy.

Policyowner: The person or entity with contractual control over the policy.

Face amount: The stated death benefit at issue, before adjustments under policy terms.

Policy Features

Value and Flexibility

Some permanent policies may build cash value and offer options that require careful review.

Cash value: A policy value that may accumulate in certain permanent policies.

Policy loan: A loan against available policy value that can reduce benefits and may have tax consequences.

Rider: An optional feature that changes or adds benefits, usually for an added cost.

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Important Details

Guarantees and Assumptions

Know which values are guaranteed and which depend on future performance or policy assumptions.

Guaranteed values: Benefits or values promised by the contract when required conditions are met.

Non-guaranteed values: Illustrations or values that may change based on assumptions, charges, or performance.

Lapse: When coverage ends because required premiums or policy conditions are not met.

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